Available in Russian
Author: Igor Kravets
DOI: 10.21128/1812-7126-2022-3-16-32
Keywords: biojurisprudence; human dignity; patient dignity; bioethics; legal sociology; biomedicine; public health; human rights
The article examines theoretical, philosophical, constitutional, and legal, some technological foundations for the development of constitutional biojurisprudence; scientific approaches to understanding the relationship between constitutionalism, biojurisprudence, human rights, human dignity in the context of the formation of constitutional biojurisprudence are analyzed. Constitutional biojurisprudence is a new meta-discipline and meta-branch of knowledge that arises as a result of the co-evolutionary development of prescriptive jurisprudence, human rights in the field of new technologies, bioethics and biomedicine. The article analyzes the scientific, legal, bioethical and important technological aspects of the formation and development prospects of constitutional biojurisprudence; the concept of “bioethical well-being” is proposed as a subject of philosophical and legal understanding, constitutional and legislative regulation, philosophical and theoretical, legal and medical approaches to understanding human dignity and dignity of patients in the context of protecting the health of citizens, legal sociology of biomedicine are revealed; sociological-legal and medical-social problems of using the principle of priority of respect for the dignity of the patient in the provision of medical care are identified, measures are proposed to improve constitutional legislation and legislation in the field of public health. The author uses the discursive approach and critical rationalism in legal research, methods of dialectics, legal hermeneutics, and constitutional and legal engineering, methods of comparative analysis of constitutional and philosophical ideas, doctrines of human dignity, biolaw and biojurisprudence, medical and other biotechnologies in the field of healthcare, human reproduction, and biomedicine. Constitutional biojurisprudence is an integrative concept, it is formed under the influence of the ideological baggage of modern scientists, the norms of international soft biolaw, global and philosophical bioethics and medical ethics. It ensures the integration of knowledge and values of constitutionalism, human rights, the achievements of the life sciences, especially medicine and biology, modern technologies and acts as a nuclear normative and bioethical potential for the development of all biojurisprudence. The conclusions are: the legal consolidation of two principles 1) the priority of respect and protection of the dignity of the patient in the provision of medical care, 2) the priority achievement of bioethical well-being in the field of protecting the health of citizens creates a legal basis for the promising constitutionalization of biojurisprudence, for the formation of a discourse of the justification of the institutions of bioethical well-being and dignity of patients.
About the author: Igor Kravets – Professor, Doctor of Science in Law, Head of the Chair of Theory and History of State and Law and Constitutional Law of the Institute of Philosophy and Law of the Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia.
Citation: Kravets I. (2022) Konstitutsionnaya bioyurisprudentsiya i dostizhenie bioeticheskogo blagopoluchiya (chast’ 2) [Constitutional biojurisprudence and promoting bioethical well-being (part 2)]. Sravnitel’noe konstitutsionnoe obozrenie, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 16–32. (In Russian).
References
Akca S.O., Akpinar Y.Y., Habbani T. (2015) Knowledge and Attitudes of Nurses Regarding Patient Rights: A Corum/Turkey Sample. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, vol. 61, no. 5, pp. 452–457.
Akhtar S. (2015) Some Psychoanalytic Reflections on the Concept of Dignity. The American Journal of Psychoanalysis, vol. 75, no. 3, pp. 244–266.
Albers M. (2018) Biotechnologies and Human Dignity. Direito Público, vol. 15, no. 82, pp. 9–49.
Alekseev S.S. (ed.) (2016) Prava cheloveka: entsiklopedicheskiy slovar’ [Human Rights: Encyclopedic Dictionary], Moscow: Norma: INFRA-M. (In Russian).
Ballo A.M. (2004) Prava patsientov i otvetstvennost’ vrachey – vzglyad yurista [Patient rights and physician responsibility – the lawyer view]. Zhurnal akusherstva i zhenskikh bolezney, no. 1, pp. 123–126. (In Russian).
Berlin I. (2002) A Letter to George Kennan. In: Hardy H. (ed.) Isaiah Berlin: Liberty, Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 336–344.
Blinov A.G. (2004) Ugolovno-pravovaya okhrana prav patsienta: uchebnoe posobie [Criminal legal protection of the rights of the patient: a handbook], B.T.Razgil’diev (ed.), Saratov: Izdatel’stvo GOU VPO “Saratovskaya gosudarstvennaya akademiya prava”. (In Russian).
Chochinov H.M. (2002) Dignity-Conserving Care – A New Model for Palliative Care: Helping the Patient Feel Valued. Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 287, no. 17, pp. 2253–2260.
Chochinov H.M., Hack T., McClement S., Kristjanson L., Harlos M. (2002) Dignity in the Terminally Ill: A Developing Empirical Model. Social Science & Medicine, vol. 54, no. 3, pp. 433–443.
Dworkin R. (2011) Justice for Hedgehogs, Cambridge, MA; London: Harvard University Press.
Edgar A., Nordenfelt L. (2015) Dignity of the Patient. In: Schramme T., Edwards S. (eds.) Handbook of the Philosophy of Medicine, Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 1–17.
Gallagher A., Li S., Wainwright P., Jones I.R., Lee D. (2008) Dignity in the Care of Older People: A Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature. BMC Nursing, vol. 7, no. 11, pp. 1–12.
Horton R. (2003) The Health of Peoples: Predicaments Facing a Reasoned Utopia. International Journal of Health Services, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 543–568.
Horton R. (2004) Rediscovering Human Dignity. The Lancet, vol. 364, pp. 1081–1085.
(2008) Human Dignity and Bioethics: Essays Commissioned by the President’s Council on Bioethics, Washington, D.C.: The President’s Council on Bioethics.
Jacobson N. (2009) A Taxonomy of Dignity: A Grounded Theory Study. BMC International Health and Human Rights, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1–9.
Jacobson N. (2009) Dignity Violation in Health Care. Qualitative Health Research, vol. 19, no. 11, pp. 1536–1547.
Jacobson N., Silva D.S. (2010) Dignity Promotion and Beneficence. Journal of Bioethical Inquiry, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 365–372.
Kennedy G. (2016) The Importance of Patient Dignity in Care at the End of Life. The Ulster Medical Journal, vol. 85, no. 1, pp. 45–48.
Komarova V.V. (2019) Sotsial’noe blagopoluchie cheloveka: konstitutsionnaya tsennost’ [Social well-being of a person: a constitutional value]. In: Komarova V.V. (ed.) Sotsial’noe blagopoluchie cheloveka: pravovye parametry: sbornik statey [Social welfare of the human: legal parameters: collection of articles], Moscow: Norma: INFRA-M, pp. 32–50. (In Russian).
Kravets I.A. (2019) Dostoinstvo lichnosti i pravo na sotsial’noe blagopoluchie: perspektivy konstitutsionalizatsii i obespecheniya [Dignity of the individual and the right to social well-being: prospects for constitutionalization and provision]. In: Komarova V.V. (ed.) Sotsial’noe blagopoluchie cheloveka: pravovye parametry: sbornik statey [Social welfare of the human: legal parameters: collection of articles], Moscow: Norma: INFRA-M, pp. 96–144. (In Russian).
Kravets I.A. (2020) Dignitatis Humanae, sovremennyy konstitutsionalizm i pravovaya ekzistentsiya: filosofsko-antropologicheskie, konstitutsionnye, mezhdunarodno-pravovye i sotsial’no-politicheskie aspekty (chast’ 1) [Dignitatis Humanae, modern constitutionalism and legal existence: philosophical and anthropological, constitutional, international legal and socio-political aspects (part 1)]. Obshchestvennye nauki i sovremennost’, no. 5, pp. 38–52. (In Russian).
Kravets I.A. (2020) Homo Dignus v filosofskom i pravovom diskurse: chelovecheskoe dostoinstvo i filosofiya konstitutsionalizma [Homo Dignus in philosophical and legal discourse: human dignity and the philosophy of constitutionalism]. Voprosy filosofii, no. 2, pp. 26–37. (In Russian).
Kravets I.A. (2021) “Homo dignus”, the Legal Status of Individual and Modern Constitutionalism (Russian, Comparative and International Context). Journal of Siberian Federal University. Humanities and Social Sciences, vol. 14, no. 5, pp. 621–635.
Löwy I. (2011) Historiography of Biomedicine: “Bio,” “Medicine,” and In Between. Isis, vol. 102, no. 1, pp. 116–122.
Mann J. (1996) Health and Human Rights. Protecting Human Rights Is Essential for Promoting Health. British Medical Journal, vol. 312, no. 7036, pp. 924–925.
Mann J. (1998) Dignity and Health: The UDHR’s Revolutionary First Article. Health and Human Rights, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 30–38.
Mann J., Gostin L., Gruskin S., Brennan T., Lazzarini Z., Fineberg H.V. (1999) Health and Human Rights. In: Mann J., Gruskin S., Grodin M.A, Annas G.J. (eds.) Health and Human Rights: A Reader, New York: Routledge, pp. 7–20.
Mann J.M., Gostin L.O., Gruskin S., Brennan T., Lazzarini Z., Fineberg H.V. (2013) Health and Human Rights. In: Grodin M.A., Tarantola D., Annas G.J., Gruskin S. (eds.) Health and Human Rights in a Changing World, New York; London: Routledge, pp. 16–27.
Marcus P. (2013) In Search of the Spiritual: Gabriel Marcel, Psychoanalysis, and the Sacred. London: Karnac Books.
Mustafina G.A. (2009) Eticheskie printsipy i pravovye voprosy vzaimootnosheniya vracha i patsienta [Ethical principles and legal issues of the relationship between the doctor and the patient]. Aktual’nye problemy ekonomiki i prava, no. 3, pp. 174–181. (In Russian).
Rybakov O.Yu. (2019) Sotsial’noe blagopoluchie cheloveka: filosofskie osnovaniya ponimaniya [Social well-being of a person: philosophical foundations of understanding]. In: Komarova V.V. (ed.) Sotsial’noe blagopoluchie cheloveka: pravovye parametry: sbornik statey [Social welfare of the human: legal parameters: collection of articles], Moscow: Norma: INFRA-M, pp. 9–20. (In Russian).
Taribo E.V., Kozlenko M.S. (2022) Rol’ konstitutsionnogo pravosudiya v obespechenii blagopoluchiya cheloveka [The Role of Constitutional Justice in Ensuring Human Welfare]. Konstitutsionnoe i munitsipal’noe pravo, no. 1, pp. 51–56. (In Russian).